City         Incidence         Who's Using          in Users        Method     Other Drugs      Emerging    Who's Selling  
                                                                                              Drugs                     

Bridgeport, CN  increasing     wide variety          none           smoking;    heroin         PCP            gang sellers   
                slightly                                            injecting                  mescaline                     
(Geter)                                                                                                                      

San Antonio/    stable         African-Americans     none           smoking;    heroin         Rohypnol       gang sellers   
El Paso, TX                    use crack;                           injecting                                                
(Ramos)                        Mexican-Americans                                                                             
                               inject HCl powder                                                                             
                               with heroin                                                                                   

Los Angeles,    decreasing     50/50 male/females,   none           smoking     alcohol        methamphetamin wide variety   
CA              slightly       primarily                                                       e              of sellers     
(Annon)                        African-Americans                                                                             
                               over 25 years old                                                                             

New York, NY    increasing     wide variety of       none           smoking                                   sold in        
(Goldsmith)     slightly       users                                                                          storefronts    
                                                                                                              on Lower East  
                                                                                                              Side;          
                                                                                                              African-Americ 
                                                                                                              ans, Puerto    
                                                                                                              Rican young    
                                                                                                              men sell       

Atlanta, GA     increasing     HCl used by white     none           injecting;                 "club drugs"   HCl dealt by   
(Sterk-Elifon)                 snorters;                            snorting;                  amphetamine    middle class   
                               crack used by users                  smoking                                   dealers; some  
                               in 20s, male and                                                                              
                               female                                                                         crack dealers  
                               African-Americans                                                              also sell      
                                                                                                              heroin and     
                                                                                                              marijuana      

Denver, CO      HCl use is     primarily                            smoking                                   Mexican        
(Anderson)      down; crack    African-Americans                                                              migrant        
                stable                                                                                        workers;       
                                                                                                              African        
                                                                                                              Americans      

Miami, FL       stable         traditional older     no longer                  smoking,       heroin                        
(Page)                         users                 popular among              little                                       
                                                     the young                  injection                                    



Chicago, IL     powder use     wide age and          none           primarily                                 some sellers   
(Weibel)        and            ethnicity range                      smoking                                   deal both      
                availability                                                                                  heroin and     
                declining;                                                                                    crack          
                crack is                                                                                      together       
                stable                                                                                                       

Trenton/Newark, stable         wide variety; inner   none           smoking;    heroin                        little sales   
 NJ                            city users for crack                 injecting   alcohol                       of cocaine     
(French)                                                                                                      with other     
                                                                                                              drugs          

New York, NY    crack          wide range of users   none           smoking;                   PCP                           
(Galea)         increasing                                          snorting;                                                
                slightly;                                           little                                                   
                cocaine                                             injecting                                                
                stable                                                                                                       

Austin, TX      increasing     Hispanics injecting   more white     injecting                  Rohypnol                      
(Maxwell)                      powder;               users; more                                                             
                               African-American and  HCl users                                                               
                               Whites smoking crack                                                                          

Newark, DE      HCl stable;    late teens to people  many changing  smoking;    methamphetamin MDMA           same sellers   
(Pazzaglini)    crack          in their 50s          to other       inhaling;   e;  heroin in  LSD            offer          
                increasing                           drugs like     injecting   a speedball    methamphetamin multiple       
                slightly                             methamphetamine                          e              substances     
                                                                                                                           

Table 4 (cont'd.)

Ethnographers - Cocaine
                                                                                                                 

City        Purchase Amount         Purity                                 Other/Comments                          

Bridgeport, CN   $5/bag (crack)    high                                                                                  
(Geter)          $10/bag (HCl)                                                                                           

San Antonio/                       high                                                                                  
El Paso, TX                                                                                                              
(Ramos)                                                                                                                  

Los Angeles, CA  $140-160/  oz     crack: 50-70% pure                                                                    
(Annon)          (HCl)                                                                                                   
                 $10/vial (crack)                                                                                        

New York, NY     retail price is                         Cocaine powder is sold in storefronts (record stores, small     
(Goldsmith)      up                                      clothing stores); crack is sold by teens on the street or from  
                                                         non-commercial locations; both still available.                 

Atlanta, GA      $5/rock (crack)   high                                                                                  
(Sterk-Elifon)   $80/gram (HCl)                                                                                          

Denver, CO       $5/rock (crack)                         Source of HCl is Los Angeles; crack in large pieces comes from  
(Anderson)                                               Mexico or is made locally; gang distribution has moved to       
                                                         suburbs due to urban renovation                                 

Miami, FL        $50/gram (HCl)    variable, but         Crack and cocaine are not seen as desirable; interest is very   
(Page)                             generally low         low among high school and college kids.                         

Chicago, IL      range from $5 to  high                  Crack does not produce the traditional drug-using subculture;   
(Weibel)         $100 for crack                          users are diverse: employed users who buy when they get their   
                 pieces                                  paychecks, young users, older users.                            

Trenton/Newark,  less than $1/mg   40-60%                Quality of cocaine is declining                                 
NJ                                                                                                                       
(French)                                                                                                                 

New York, NY     $2/vial (crack)                                                                                         
(Galea)                                                                                                                  

Austin, TX       $100/gram (HCl)   better than it was 6  100 grams of heroin can be traded for 1 kilo of cocaine         
(Maxwell)                          months ago;                                                                           
                                   primarily Mexican                                                                     
                                   sources                                                                               

Newark, DE                                                                                                               
(Pazzaglini)